GAMBARAN KEPADATAN JENTIK NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS GANDUS KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2025

Latar Belakang: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit infeksi yang ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Tingginya populasi nyamuk vektor di suatu wilayah sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat. Salah satu indikator risiko penularan DBD adalah kepadatan jentik nyamuk yang dapat diketahui melalui survei larva. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kepadatan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti melalui perhitungan House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteau Index (BI), Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ), dan Density Figure (DF) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gandus Kota Palembang Tahun 2025. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif observasional dengan teknik purposive proportional random sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah 100 rumah tangga yang tersebar di tiga RT. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung terhadap keberadaan jentik di tempat penampungan air menggunakan lembar checklist. Hasil: Diperoleh nilai HI sebesar 66%, CI sebesar 44%, BI sebesar 107%, dan ABJ hanya 34%. Ketiga indeks larva termasuk dalam kategori kepadatan tinggi, sedangkan ABJ berada jauh di bawah standar WHO ≥ 95%. Nilai Density Figure (DF) berada pada rentang 7–9, yang juga menunjukkan kategori kepadatan tinggi. Kesimpulan: Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Gandus memiliki tingkat kepadatan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang tinggi, sehingga berisiko tinggi terhadap penularan DBD. Saran: Diperlukan upaya pemberantasan sarang nyamuk (PSN) secara rutin, edukasi masyarakat, serta peran aktif kader jumantik dalam pemantauan dan pengendalian vektor.

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The high population of vector mosquitoes in an area is greatly influenced by environmental conditions and community behavior. One indicator of the risk of dengue transmission is the density of mosquito larvae which can be determined through larval surveys. Objective: This study aims to determine the description of the density of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae through the calculation of the House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteau Index (BI), Larvae Free Rate (ABJ), and Density Figure (DF) in the working area of the Gandus Health Center, Palembang City in 2025. Methods: This study uses a descriptive observational approach with a purposive proportional random sampling technique. The research sample was 100 households spread across three neighborhood units (RT). Data collection was carried out through direct observation of the presence of larvae in water reservoirs using a checklist sheet. Results: The HI value obtained was 66%, CI was 44%, BI was 107%, and ABJ was only 34%. All three larval indices fall into the high density category, while the ABJ falls well below the WHO standard of ≥95%. The Density Figure (DF) ranges from 7 to 9, also indicating a high density category. Conclusion: The Gandus Community Health Center (Puskesmas) area has a high density of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae, placing it at high risk for dengue fever transmission. Suggestion: Routine mosquito nest eradication (PSN), public education, and the active role of mosquito larvae control (jumantik) personnel in vector monitoring and control are necessary.