KARAKTERISTIK TEMPAT PERINDUKAN DAN KEPADATAN JENTIK NYAMUK AEDES DI KELURAHAN SUKAJAYA KOTA PALEMBANG

Latar Belakang: Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, termasuk Kota Palembang yang merupakan salah satu daerah endemis. Penularan DBD dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan vektor, yaitu nyamuk Aedes yang berkembang biak di berbagai tempat penampungan air. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi keberadaan jentik berdasarkan karakteristik tempat perindukan nyamuk serta tingkat kepadatan jentik berdasarkan House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteu Index (BI), Density Figure, dan Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan rancangan Cross Sectional. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 rumah yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan lembar checklist dan dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 100 rumah yang diperiksa ditemukan 302 tempat penampungan air dengan 43 di antaranya ditemukan jentik. Jentik paling banyak ditemukan pada bak mandi (26,6%), tempat berbahan semen (37,5%), berwarna gelap (14,9%), tidak tertutup (18,7%), berada di luar rumah (19,1%), dan bersumber air hujan (33,3%). Indeks entomologi yang diperoleh yaitu HI sebesar 34%, CI sebesar 14,2%, BI sebesar 43%, dan Density Figure dengan kategori sedang. Nilai ABJ sebesar 66% yang menunjukkan bahwa masih di bawah standar Permenkes Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 yaitu ≥ 95%. Kesimpulan: Keberadaan jentik nyamuk Aedes ditemukan pada berbagai karakteristik tempat penampungan air dengan tingkat kepadatan jentik nyamuk dengan kategori sedang. Saran: Masyarakat dapat memberantas sarang nyamuk dengan menerapkan 3M Plus dan melakukan gotong royong membersihkan lingkungan sekitar rumah minimal satu bulan sekali.

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is still a public health problem in Indonesia, including Palembang City which is one of the endemic areas. The transmission of DHF is influenced by the presence of vectors, namely Aedes mosquitoes that breed in various water containers. Objectives: This research aims to determine the frequency of larvae based on the characteristics of mosquito breeding sites and the density of larvae based on the House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteau Index (BI), Density Figure, and Larvae-Free Index (LFI). Methods: This study used a descriptive method with a cross-sectional design. The sample used in this study consisted of 100 houses selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected by using a checklist and analyzed by using univariate. Results: The results of the research show that from 100 inspected houses, 302 water containers were found with 43 of them were discovered mosquito larvae. Larvae were most commonly found in bathtubs (26.6%), cement water containers (37.5%), dark-colored water containers (14.9%), water containers without lids (18.7%), water containers located outside the house (19.1%), and containers filled with rainwater (33.3%). The entomological indices were 34% of HI, 14.2% of CI, 43% of BI, and Density Figure with moderate category. The value of LFI is 66% which indicates that it is still below the standard of Ministry of Health Regulation No. 2 of 2023 which is ≥ 95%. Conclusion: The presence of Aedes mosquito larvae was found in various types of water containers with the density of mosquito larvae classified as moderate. Suggestion: The community can eradicate mosquito nests with Draining, Closing, Recycling and additional activities (3M Plus) and work together to clean up the environment around their houses at least once a month.