PENGARUH MEROKOK TERHADAP HEMOGLOBIN, JUMLAH ERITROSIT DAN HEMATOKRIT PADA DRIVER OJEK ONLINE DI KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2025

Latar Belakang: Kebiasaan merokok dapat menimbulkan berbagai dampak
kesehatan salah satunya adalah gangguan pada sistem kardiovaskular dan sel darah,
sehingga didapatkan kelainan pemeriksaan hematologi. Gangguan tersebut muncul
dikarenakan pada sebatang rokok terdapat zat seperti tar, nikotin, dan karbon
monoksida (CO) yang mengurangi kemampuan eritrosit untuk membawa oksigen
ke dalam tubuh, sehingga tubuh akan mengompensasi dengan meningkatkan
produksi eritrosit dan menyebabkan keadaan polisitemia yang juga dapat
menyebabkan tingginya kadar hemoglobin dan nilai hematokrit. Tujuan
Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rokok terhadap
kadar hemoglobin, jumlah eritrosit dan nilai hematokrit pada driver ojek online di
Kota Palembang tahun 2025. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan
metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel terdiri
dari 65 driver ojek online di Kota Palembang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive
sampling. Data diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner, pengukuran IMT, tekanan

darah, dan pemeriksaan jumlah dan jenis leukosit menggunakan alat Sysmex XN-
1000. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Pengaruh merokok diuji

menggunakan uji statistik independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, one-way ANOVA
dan Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil Penelitian: Rata-rata kadar hemoglobin sebesar 15,31
g/dl, jumlah eritrosit 5,27 ×106/μL dan nilai hematokrit 45,82%. Ada pengaruh
lama merokok, IMT, dan tekanan darah terhadap kadar hemoglobin (p<0,05) dan
pengaruh IMT dan tekanan darah terhadap jumlah eritrosit dan nilai hematokrit
(p<0,05). Namun, tidak ada pengaruh usia, jenis rokok dan kategori perokok
terhadap kadar hemoglobin, jumlah eritrosit dan nilai hematokrit. Kesimpulan:
Ada pengaruh lama merokok, IMT dan tekanan darah terhadap kadar hemoglobin
dan pengaruh IMT dan tekanan darah terhadap jumlah eritrosit dan nilai hematokrit.
Namun, tidak ada pengaruh usia, jenis rokok dan kategori perokok terhadap kadar
hemoglobin, jumlah eritrosit dan nilai hematokrit.

Background: Smoking habits can lead to various health effects, one of which is
disturbances in the cardiovascular system and blood cells, so that hematological
examination abnormalities are obtained. These disorders arise because in a cigarette
there are substances such as tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide (CO) which reduce
the ability of erythrocytes to carry oxygen into the body, so the body will
compensate by increasing erythrocyte production and causing a state of
polycythemia which can also cause high hemoglobin levels and hematocrit values.
Objective: This study aims to determine effect of cigarettes on hemoglobin,
erythrocyte count and hematocrit among online motorcycle taxi drivers who smoke
in palembang city, 2025. Methods: This was an analytical observational study with
a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 65 online motorcycle taxi drivers
in Palembang City, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through
questionnaires, measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure, and
laboratory examination of leukocyte counts and types using the Sysmex XN-1000.
Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods. Statistical tests used
included the independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way ANOVA, and
Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The average hemoglobin levels was 15.31 g/dL, with
erythrocyte count 5.27 ×106/μL, and hematocrit values at 45.82%. There was a
significant effect of smoking duration, BMI, and blood pressure on hemoglobin
levels (p<0.05), and a significant effect of BMI and blood pressure on erythrocyte
count and hematocrit values (p<0.05). However, there was no significant effect of
age, cigarette type, and smoking category on hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte count,
and hematocrit values. Conclusion: Smoking duration, BMI, and blood pressure
had an influence on hemoglobin levels and BMI and blood pressure affects
erythrocyte count and hematocrit values. However, there was no significant effect
of age, cigarette type, and smoking category on hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte
count, and hematocrit values.