PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PENYULUHAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA LEAFLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG ANEMIA DI PUSKESMAS SIMPANG KABUPATEN OKU SELATAN TAHUN 2026

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Anemia pada kehamilan merupakan masalah kesehatan global serius yang meningkatkan risiko abortus, kelahiran prematur, berat bayi lahir rendah (BBLR), hingga kematian ibu dan anak. Berdasarkan data Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten OKU Selatan tahun 2025, terdapat 806 ibu hamil (6,36%) yang mengalami komplikasi anemia. Upaya pencegahan dapat dilakukan melalui peningkatan pengetahuan ibu menggunakan media edukasi yang praktis dan mudah dipahami, salah satunya adalah media leaflet. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian penyuluhan menggunakan media leaflet terhadap pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang anemia di Puskesmas Simpang Kabupaten OKU Selatan Tahun 2026. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain pre-experimental menggunakan pendekatan One Group Pretest-Posttest. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh ibu hamil yang mengikuti kelas ibu hamil di wilayah Puskesmas Simpang sebanyak 83 orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode cluster sampling dan diperoleh sampel minimal sebanyak 69 responden berdasarkan rumus Slovin. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner sebelum (pre-test) dan sesudah (post-test) intervensi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat dengan uji non-parametrik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test karena data berdistribusi tidak normal (p=0,000). Hasil: Sebelum diberikan penyuluhan (pre-test), tingkat pengetahuan responden kategori baik sebesar 47,8%, cukup 18,8%, dan kurang 33,3%. Setelah diberikan penyuluhan (post-test), tingkat pengetahuan responden kategori baik melonjak drastis menjadi 87,0%, cukup 11,6%, dan kurang hanya 1,4%. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan seluruh responden (69 orang) mengalami peningkatan skor pengetahuan (Positive Ranks) dengan nilai Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 (p < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari pemberian penyuluhan kesehatan menggunakan media leaflet terhadap tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang anemia di Puskesmas Simpang Kabupaten OKU Selatan Tahun 2026. Media leaflet terbukti sangat efektif sebagai sarana edukasi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman ibu hamil.

Kata Kunci: Penyuluhan, Media Leaflet, Pengetahuan, Ibu Hamil, Anemia.

ABSTRACT
Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a serious global health problem that increases the risk of abortion, preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), and maternal and infant mortality. Based on data from the South OKU District Health Office in 2025, there were 806 pregnant women (6.36%) who experienced anemia complications. Prevention efforts can be carried out by increasing maternal knowledge using practical and easy-to-understand educational media, one of which is leaflet media. Objective: To determine the influence of health education using leaflet media on pregnant women's knowledge about anemia at Simpang Public Health Center, South OKU Regency in 2026. Methods: This research was a quantitative study with a pre-experimental design using the One Group Pretest-Posttest approach. The research population consisted of all 83 pregnant women who participated in the pregnant women class in the Simpang Public Health Center area. Sampling was conducted using the cluster sampling method, obtaining a minimum sample of 69 respondents based on the Slovin formula. Data collection utilized questionnaires before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the intervention. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analysis using the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test due to the non-normal distribution of the data (p=0,000). Results: Before the education was given (pre-test), the respondents' knowledge levels were 47.8% in the good category, 18.8% in the sufficient category, and 33.3% in the poor category. After the education was given (post-test), the respondents' knowledge level in the good category increased dramatically to 87.0%, sufficient was 11.6%, and poor was only 1.4%. The Wilcoxon test results showed that all respondents (69 people) experienced an increase in knowledge scores (Positive Ranks) with an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant influence of health education using leaflet media on the knowledge level of pregnant women regarding anemia at Simpang Public Health Center, South OKU Regency in 2026. Leaflet media is proven to be highly effective as an educational tool to enhance pregnant women's understanding.

Keywords: Health Education, Leaflet Media, Knowledge, Pregnant Women, Anemia.