PENGARUH MEROKOK TERHADAP JUMLAH DAN JENIS LEUKOSIT PADA DRIVER OJEK ONLINE DI KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2025

Latar Belakang: Kebiasaan merokok merupakan faktor risiko utama berbagai
penyakit tidak menular dan dapat memengaruhi sistem kekebalan tubuh, termasuk
perubahan jumlah dan jenis leukosit. Driver ojek online sebagai salah satu profesi
yang banyak dijumpai merupakan perokok aktif dan tentunya memiliki risiko
paparan asap rokok yang tinggi. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui pengaruh merokok terhadap jumlah dan jenis leukosit (neutrofil dan
limfosit) pada driver ojek online di Kota Palembang tahun 2025. Metode
Penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan
pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel terdiri dari 65 driver ojek online di Kota
Palembang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data diperoleh melalui
pengisian kuesioner, pengukuran IMT, tekanan darah, dan pemeriksaan jumlah dan
jenis leukosit menggunakan alat Sysmex XN-1000. Analisis data dilakukan secara
univariat dan bivariat. Pengaruh merokok diuji menggunakan uji statistik
independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U, one-way ANOVA dan Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil
Penelitian: Rata-rata jumlah leukosit sebesar 7,81x103/μL, neutrofil 53,32%, dan
limfosit 33,92%. Ada pengaruh usia, jenis rokok, dan indeks massa tubuh terhadap
jumlah leukosit (p<0,05) dan pengaruh usia terhadap jumlah limfosit (p<0,05).
Namun, Tidak ada pengaruh usia, jenis rokok, kategori perokok, lama merokok,
indeks massa tubuh, dan tekanan darah terhadap neutrofil. Kesimpulan: Ada
pengaruh usia, jenis rokok, dan indeks massa tubuh terhadap leukosit dan pengaruh
usia terhadap jumlah limfosit namun tidak berpengaruh terhadap neutrofil dapat
disebabkan oleh adaptasi tubuh terhadap perubahan komposisi tubuh di mana
meskipun terjadi perubahan leukosit secara keseluruhan, distribusi sub populasi
leukosit seperti neutrofil dan limfosit tetap stabil.

Backround: Smoking is a major risk factor for various non-communicable diseases
and can affect the immune system, including changes in the number and types of
leukocytes. Online motorcycle taxi drivers, a common profession, are often active
smokers and thus have a high risk of cigarette smoke exposure. Objective: This
study aims to determine the effect of smoking on the number and types of
leukocytes (neutrophils and lymphocytes) in online motorcycle taxi drivers in
Palembang City in 2025. Methods: This was an analytical observational study with
a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 65 online motorcycle taxi drivers
in Palembang City, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through
questionnaires, measurements of Body Mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure, and
laboratory examination of leukocyte counts and types using the Sysmex XN-1000.
Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods. Statistical tests used
included the independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way ANOVA, and
Kruskal-Wallis test. Result: The average leukocyte count was 7.81×103/μL, with
neutrophils at 53.32% and lymphocytes at 33.92%. There was a significant effect
of age, cigarette type, and BMI on the total leukocyte count (p<0.05), and a
significant effect of age on lymphocyte count (p<0.05). However, there was no
significant effect of age, cigarette type, smoking category, duration of smoking,
BMI, or blood pressure on neutrophil count. Conclusion: Age, cigarette type, and
BMI influence total leukocyte count, and age affects lymphocyte count. However,
these factors do not significantly affect the neutrophil count, possibly because the
body adapts to changes in body composition; while the overall leukocyte count may
vary, the distribution of leukocyte subpopulations, such as neutrophils and
lymphocytes, remains stable.