GAMBARAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO, KONSUMSI SAYUR DAN BUAH, AKTIVITAS FISIK, DAN PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP REMAJA OVERWEIGT DI SMPN 9 PALEMBANG

Latar Belakang: Overweight pada remaja merupakan salah satu masalah gizi yang
terus meningkat dan berisiko menimbulkan berbagai penyakit tidak menular pada
masa dewasa. Kondisi ini dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, seperti asupan zat gizi
makro, konsumsi sayur dan buah, aktivitas fisik, serta tingkat pengetahuan gizi.
Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui gambaran asupan zat gizi makro, konsumsi sayur dan
buah, aktivitas fisik, tingkat pengetahuan, serta prevalensi overweight pada siswa kelas
VII dan VIII di SMP Negeri 9 Palembang. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini
merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif menggunakan pendekatan
cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 36 remaja overweight yang dipilih
dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Food Recall
1×24 jam, Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), International
Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form, dan kuesioner pengetahuan.
Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat deskriptif menggunakan
distribusi frekuensi dan tabulasi silang. Hasil Penelitian: Prevalensi overweight di
SMP Negeri 9 Palembang sebesar 22,3%. Sebagian besar responden memiliki asupan
lemak lebih (88,9%), asupan karbohidrat lebih (61,1%), konsumsi sayur kurang
(69,4%), konsumsi buah lebih (41,7%), aktivitas fisik kategori sedang (55,6%), dan
tingkat pengetahuan kategori sedang (58,3%). Kesimpulan: Remaja overweight di
SMP Negeri 9 Palembang didominasi oleh asupan lemak berlebih, konsumsi sayur
yang kurang, aktivitas fisik kategori sedang, dan tingkat pengetahuan kategori sedang.
Edukasi gizi, peningkatan konsumsi sayur dan buah, serta aktivitas fisik secara teratur
perlu ditingkatkan sebagai upaya pencegahan overweight pada remaja.

Background: Overweight among adolescents is a growing nutritional problem that
increases the risk of developing non-communicable diseases later in life. This
condition is influenced by several factors, including macronutrient intake, vegetable
and fruit consumption, physical activity, and nutrition knowledge. Objective: To
describe macronutrient intake, vegetable and fruit consumption, physical activity,
nutrition knowledge, and the prevalence of overweight among seventh- and eighth
grade students at SMP Negeri 9 Palembang. Methods: This study employed a
quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted
of 36 overweight adolescents selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected
through a 24-hour Food Recall, a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire
(SQ-FFQ), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form, and
a nutrition knowledge questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive univariate
and bivariate analyses with frequency distributions and cross-tabulations. Results:
The prevalence of overweight at junior high school 09 Palembang was 22.3%. Most
respondents had excessive fat intake (88.9%), excessive carbohydrate intake (61.1%),
inadequate vegetable consumption (69.4%), excessive fruit consumption (41.7%),
moderate physical activity (55.6%), and moderate nutrition knowledge (58.3%).
Conclusion: Overweight adolescents at junior high school 09 Palembang were
predominantly characterized by excessive fat intake, inadequate vegetable
consumption, moderate physical activity, and moderate nutrition knowledge. Nutrition
education, increased vegetable and fruit consumption, and regular physical activity
should be promoted to help prevent overweight among adolescents.