FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN STATUS ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TANJUNG BARU KECAMATAN PENUKAL UTARA KABUPATEN PALI

Latar Belakang: Anemia pada ibu hamil adalah suatu keadaan dimana secara fisiologis mengalami kekurangan zat besi. Anemia ditandai dengan sel darah merah pada ibu hamil ≤ 11 g/dl. Anemia pada ibu hamil masih menjadi masalah bagi masyarakat yang dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi kehamilan, persalinan, hingga kematian ibu dan bayi, Kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di pengaruhi berbagai faktor, antara lain pengetahuan, sikap, asupan zat gizi, dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet tambah darah. Tujuan penelitian: ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status anemia pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Baru Kecamatan Penukal Utara Kebuapten PALI. Jenis Penelitian: ini deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 56 ibu hamil yang dipilih menggunakan teknik propotional random sampling. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner, pengukuran kadar hemoglobin, penilaian asupan zat gizi, serta ceklist kepatuhan konsumsi TTD. Hasil Penelitian: analisis univariat menunjukan responden sebagian besar mengalami anemia 34 60,7%, tidak anemia 22 39,3%, pengetahuan yang cukup 22 39,3%, sikap negatif 29 51,8%, asupan energi cukup 35 62,5%, asupan protein cukup 30 53,6%, asupan zat besi kurang 32 75%, asupan vitamin c cukup 53 94,6%, konsumsi tablet tambah darah tidak patuh 36 65,3%. Hasil bivariat menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan, asupan protein, dan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet tambah darah dengan status anemia p < 0,05. Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup, sikap negatif, asupan energi, protein, dan vitamin C yang cukup, asupan zat besi yang kurang, serta tidak patuh mengonsumsi TTD.

Background: Anemia in pregnant women is a physiological condition characterized by iron deficiency. It is defined as a hemoglobin level of ≤11 g/dL during pregnancy. Anemia among pregnant women remains a major public health problem because it increases the risk of pregnancy and childbirth complications, as well as maternal and neonatal mortality. The occurrence of anemia among pregnant women is influenced by several factors, including knowledge, attitudes, nutrient intake, and adherence to iron-folic acid IFA tablet supplementation. Objective: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with anemia status among pregnant women in the working area of Tanjung Baru Community Health Center, Penukal Utara District, PALI Regency. Methods: This descriptive study employed a cross-sectional design. A total of 56 pregnant women were selected using proportional random sampling. Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires, hemoglobin measurements, dietary intake assessments, and a checklist to assess adherence to iron-folic acid IFA tablet supplementation. Results: The univariate analysis showed that most respondents were anemic 34; 60.7%, while 22 39.3% were not anemic. Most respondents had moderate knowledge 22; 39.3%, negative attitudes 29; 51.8%, adequate energy intake 35; 62.5%, adequate protein intake 30; 53.6%, inadequate iron intake 32; 75.0%, adequate vitamin C intake 53; 94.6%, and were non-adherent to iron-folic acid IFA tablet supplementation 36; 65.3%. The bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between knowledge, protein intake, and adherence to iron-folic acid IFA tablet supplementation and anemia status p < 0.05. Conclusion: The majority of pregnant women had moderate knowledge, negative attitudes, adequate energy, protein, and vitamin C intake, inadequate iron intake, and poor adherence to iron-folic acid IFA tablet supplementation.