MAHARANI, RAHMI (2026) UJI DAYA TERIMA DAN PENDUGAAN UMUR SIMPAN BISKUIT TEPUNG IKAN LELE DAN TEPUNG KACANG MERAH SEBAGAI SELINGAN UNTUK REMAJA KURANG ENERGI KRONIS. Diploma thesis, Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang.
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Abstract
Latar Belakang: Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) pada remaja putri masih
menjadi masalah gizi utama di Indonesia dengan prevalensi mencapai 20,6%,
termasuk di Sumatera Selatan yang mencapai 20%. Salah satu upaya
penanggulangan KEK adalah meningkatkan asupan energi dan protein remaja
melalui makanan selingan bergizi. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk
meningkatkan kadar energi dan protein pada biskuit adalah menggunakan tepung
ikan lele dan tepung kacang merah.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya terima, formulasi terbaik,
nilai gizi, dan umur simpan biskuit tepung ikan lele dan tepung kacang merah
sebagai selingan untuk remaja KEK.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang terdiri dari dua
tahap. Tahap pertama menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial
dengan tiga formula untuk menentukan formula terbaik berdasarkan uji
organoleptik (warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur) terhadap 30 panelis. Tahap kedua
menggunakan RAL faktorial untuk menguji umur simpan formula terbaik
berdasarkan jenis kemasan (aluminium foil dan polipropilen) dan lama
penyimpanan (hari ke-0, 7, 14, dan 21), dengan parameter kritis kadar air dan Total
Plate Count (TPC).
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan formula F2 paling disukai panelis, dengan
rata-rata skor warna 4,2 serta aroma, rasa, dan tekstur masing-masing 4,00. Uji
Friedman menunjukkan perbedaan nyata hanya pada parameter warna (p<0,05).
Analisis proksimat F2 per 100 gram menghasilkan energi 482,54 kkal, protein
17,87%, lemak 23,42%, dan karbohidrat 50,07%. Kemasan aluminium foil lebih
efektif dibandingkan polipropilen dalam mempertahankan mutu biskuit selama
penyimpanan, ditunjukkan oleh kadar air dan nilai TPC yang lebih rendah pada
setiap waktu pengamatan.
Kesimpulan: Biskuit tepung ikan lele dan tepung kacang merah berpotensi sebagai
selingan tinggi energi dan protein bagi remaja KEK, namun memerlukan
optimalisasi proses pengolahan dan pengemasan untuk memperpanjang umur
simpannya.
Background: Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among female adolescents
remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 20.6%,
including South Sumatra, where the prevalence reaches 20%. One effort to address
CED is to improve adolescents' energy and protein intake through nutritious snacks.
One approach to increasing the energy and protein content of biscuits is the use of
catfish flour and red bean flour.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the acceptability, best formulation,
nutritional value, and shelf life of biscuits made from catfish flour and red bean
flour as a snack for adolescents with CED.
Methods: This study was an experimental study conducted in two stages. The first
stage employed a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three
formulations to determine the best formulation based on organoleptic testing,
including color, aroma, taste, and texture, involving 30 panelists. The second stage
employed a factorial CRD to evaluate the shelf life of the best formulation based
on packaging type (aluminum foil and polypropylene) and storage duration (days
0, 7, 14, and 21), with moisture content and Total Plate Count (TPC) as the critical
parameters.
Results: The results showed that formulation F2 was the most preferred by the
panelists, with an average color score of 4.2 and average scores of 4.00 for aroma,
taste, and texture. The Friedman test showed a significant difference only in the
color parameter (p < 0.05). Proximate analysis of F2 per 100 g showed an energy
content of 482.54 kcal, protein content of 17.87%, fat content of 23.42%, and
carbohydrate content of 50.07%. Aluminum foil packaging was more effective than
polypropylene packaging in maintaining biscuit quality during storage, as indicated
by lower moisture content and TPC values at each observation period.
Conclusion: Biscuits made from catfish flour and red bean flour have the potential
to serve as a high-energy and high-protein snack for adolescents with CED.
However, optimization of the processing and packaging methods is still needed to
extend their shelf life.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Biskuit, kurang energi kronis, tepung ikan lele, tepung kacang merah |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine R Medicine > RJ Pediatrics |
| Divisions: | Jurusan Gizi > 13311-D4 Gizi dan Dietetika |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email D4gizi |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Aug 2026 02:19 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Aug 2026 02:19 |
| URI: | http://rama.poltekkespalembang.ac.id/id/eprint/4226 |
