FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN PELEMBAB TUMIT STIK DARI EKSTRAK KULIT BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) DENGAN VARIASI MALAM CANDELILLA SEBAGAI HARDENING AGENT

MINARANDI, LEONI (2026) FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN PELEMBAB TUMIT STIK DARI EKSTRAK KULIT BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) DENGAN VARIASI MALAM CANDELILLA SEBAGAI HARDENING AGENT. Diploma thesis, POLTEKKES KEMENKES PALEMBANG.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang : Pelembab tumit stik merupakan sediaan topikal yang digunakan untuk membantu mengatasi kulit tumit kering dan pecah-pecah (xerosis). Ekstrak kulit bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami, sedangkan malam candelilla digunakan sebagai hardening agent untuk membentuk tekstur stik serta mempertahankan stabilitas fisik sediaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi malam candelilla yang optimal dalam menghasilkan sediaan pelembab tumit stik yang stabil dan memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik.

Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan ekstrak kulit bawang merah 4% dengan variasi konsentrasi malam candelilla, yaitu Formula Kontrol (10%), Formula I (7%), Formula II (10%), dan Formula III (13%). Evaluasi meliputi pH, suhu lebur, kekuatan, homogenitas, organoleptik, daya oles, dan iritasi selama penyimpanan suhu kamar 28 hari serta uji dipercepat (Cycling Test) 12 hari.

Hasil : Seluruh formula memenuhi persyaratan pH, suhu lebur, homogenitas, organoleptik, daya oles, dan uji iritasi. Pada uji kekuatan, Formula Kontrol, Formula I, dan Formula II memenuhi persyaratan, sedangkan Formula III tidak memenuhi persyaratan karena terlalu keras.

Kesimpulan : Ekstrak kulit bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) berhasil diformulasikan menjadi sediaan pelembab tumit stik yang memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik. Formula I dengan konsentrasi malam candelilla 7% merupakan formula yang paling optimal.

Kata Kunci : ekstrak kulit bawang merah (Allium cepa L.), malam candelilla, pelembab tumit stik, stabilitas fisik.

ABSTRACT

Background: Heel moisturizer stick is a topical dosage form used to help treat dry and cracked heels (xerosis). Onion peel extract (Allium cepa L.) contains flavonoids and phenolic compounds that have potential antioxidant activity, while candelilla wax is used as a hardening agent to provide stick consistency and maintain the physical stability of the formulation. This study aimed to determine the optimal concentration of candelilla wax in producing a heel moisturizer stick that meets the required physical quality and stability.

Methods: This experimental study used 4% onion peel extract with different concentrations of candelilla wax, consisting of the Control Formula (10%), Formula I (7%), Formula II (10%), and Formula III (13%). The formulations were evaluated for pH, melting point, hardness, homogeneity, organoleptic properties, spreadability, and skin irritation during 28 days of room-temperature storage and a 12-day accelerated stability test (Cycling Test).

Results: All formulations met the requirements for pH, melting point, homogeneity, organoleptic properties, spreadability, and skin irritation. In the hardness test, the Control Formula, Formula I, and Formula II met the required standard, whereas Formula III did not meet the requirement because it produced an excessively hard stick.

Conclusion: Onion peel extract (Allium cepa L.) was successfully formulated into a heel moisturizer stick that met the required physical quality standards. Formula I containing 7% candelilla wax was identified as the optimal formulation.

Keywords: candelilla wax, heel moisturizer stick, onion peel extract (Allium cepa L.), physical stability.

Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords: ekstrak kulit bawang merah (Allium cepa L.), malam candelilla, pelembab tumit stik, stabilitas fisik.
Subjects: R Medicine > RL Dermatology
R Medicine > RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions: Jurusan Farmasi > 48401-D3 Farmasi
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email D3farmasi
Date Deposited: 24 Aug 2026 02:30
Last Modified: 24 Aug 2026 02:30
URI: http://rama.poltekkespalembang.ac.id/id/eprint/4179

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