FORMULASI NUTRASETIKAL TABLET KUNYAH EKSTRAK DAUN MURBEI (Morus alba L) KOMBINASI BAHAN PENGISI MANITOL DAN SORBITOL

Latar Belakang: Daun murbei (Morus alba L.) mengandung senyawa bioaktif
yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan, namun pemanfaatannya masih terbatas
dalam bentuk tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan memformulasikan dan
mengevaluasi mutu fisik tablet kunyah nutrasetikal ekstrak daun murbei
menggunakan kombinasi manitol dan sorbitol.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium. Ekstrak
daun murbei diperoleh melalui metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96% dan
dilakukan skrining fitokimia. Tablet kunyah dibuat dengan metode granulasi basah
menggunakan kombinasi manitol:sorbitol 90%:10%, 85%:15%, dan 80%:20%.
Evaluasi meliputi sifat fisik granul, sifat fisik tablet, penilaian rasa, dan uji
kesukaan.
Hasil: Ekstrak daun murbei menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 12% (180 gram
ekstrak kental) dan positif mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tanin, serta
terpenoid. Seluruh formula memenuhi persyaratan evaluasi fisik granul dan tablet
kunyah. Formula II dengan kombinasi manitol:sorbitol 85%:15% menunjukkan
karakteristik fisik terbaik dan memperoleh tingkat penerimaan responden
tertinggi. Formula I memiliki tingkat kesukaan terendah karena rasa yang kurang
disukai, sedangkan Formula III juga memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik dan masih
dapat diterima oleh responden.
Kesimpulan: Tablet kunyah nutrasetikal ekstrak daun murbei (Morus alba L.)
berhasil diformulasikan dan memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik. Formula II dengan
kombinasi manitol:sorbitol 85%:15% merupakan formula terbaik berdasarkan
karakteristik fisik dan tingkat penerimaan responden. Namun, karakteristik rasa
tablet kunyah masih perlu dioptimalkan melalui penggunaan kombinasi bahan
pengisi atau pemanis yang lebih sesuai untuk meningkatkan penerimaan
konsumen.
Kata Kunci: Antioksidan, Daun murbei, Manitol, Sorbitol, Tablet kunyah.

Backgound: Mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.) contain bioactive compounds with
antioxidant potential; however, their utilization remains limited to traditional
preparations. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the physical quality of
nutraceutical chewable tablets containing mulberry leaf extract using a
combination of mannitol and sorbitol.
Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental study. Mulberry leaf extract
was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol and subjected to phytochemical
screening. Chewable tablets were prepared using the wet granulation method with
three mannitol:sorbitol ratios (90%:10%, 85%:15%, and 80%:20%). The
formulations were evaluated for the physical properties of granules and tablets,
taste assessment, and hedonic testing.
Results: The mulberry leaf extract yielded 12% (180 g of thick extract) and tested
positive for flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. All
formulations met the required physical quality standards for granules and
chewable tablets. Formula II, containing a mannitol:sorbitol ratio of 85%:15%,
exhibited the best physical characteristics and achieved the highest level of
panelist acceptance. Formula I had the lowest acceptability due to its less
favorable taste, whereas Formula III also met the required physical quality
standards and was still acceptable to the panelists.
Conclusion: Nutraceutical chewable tablets containing mulberry leaf extract
(Morus alba L.) were successfully formulated and met the required physical
quality standards. Formula II, with a mannitol:sorbitol ratio of 85%:15%, was
identified as the optimal formulation based on its physical characteristics and
panelist acceptance. However, the taste of the chewable tablets still requires
optimization through the use of more appropriate filler combinations or
sweeteners to improve consumer acceptance.
Keywords: antioxidant, chewable tablet, mannitol, mulberry leaf, sorbitol.