GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, ASUPAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO DAN KONSUMSI FAST FOOD TERHADAP SISWA-SISWI OVERWEIGHT DI SMA NEGERI 10 KOTA PALEMBANG

Latar Belakang: Overweight pada remaja merupakan masalah gizi yang semakin meningkat akibat perubahan pola makan dan gaya hidup, terutama tingginya konsumsi makanan cepat saji (fast food) yang mengandung kalori, lemak, gula, dan garam tinggi. Kondisi ini dapat meningkatkan risiko berbagai penyakit degeneratif di masa mendatang. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, asupan zat gizi makro, dan konsumsi fast food pada siswa-siswi overweight di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Palembang. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 42 siswa overweight yang dipilih sesuai kriteria penelitian. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan sikap, formulir Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi. Hasil Penelitian: menunjukan sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap yang baik terkait gizi dan konsumsi fast food. Asupan energi lebih ditemukan pada 66,7% responden, asupan protein lebih pada 71,4% responden, dan asupan lemak lebih pada 54,8% responden. Konsumsi fast food responden bervariasi dari lebih dari satu kali per hari hingga 1–2 kali per minggu. Jenis fast food yang paling sering dikonsumsi adalah chicken nugget (81,0%) dan siomay (76,2%). Kesimpulan: Siswa-siswi overweight di SMA Negeri 10 Kota Palembang cenderung memiliki asupan energi, protein, dan lemak yang berlebih serta masih sering mengonsumsi fast food. Diperlukan peningkatan edukasi gizi dan penerapan pola makan sehat untuk membantu mengendalikan status gizi remaja.

Background: Overweight among adolescents has become an increasingly prevalent nutritional problem due to changes in dietary patterns and lifestyle, particularly the high consumption of fast food, which is rich in calories, fat, sugar, and sodium. This condition may increase the risk of developing various degenerative diseases later in life. Objective: This study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, macronutrient intake, and fast food consumption among overweight students at SMA Negeri 10 Palembang. Methods: This study employed a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 42 overweight students selected based on the study inclusion criteria. Data were collected using knowledge and attitude questionnaires and a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and presented as frequency distributions. Results: The results showed that most respondents had good knowledge and positive attitudes regarding nutrition and fast food consumption. A total of 66.7% of respondents had excessive energy intake, 71.4% had excessive protein intake, and 54.8% had excessive fat intake. The frequency of fast food consumption varied, ranging from more than once a day to one or two times per week. The most frequently consumed fast foods were chicken nuggets (81.0%) and siomay (76.2%). Conclusion: Overweight students at SMA Negeri 10 Palembang tended to have excessive energy, protein, and fat intake and frequently consumed fast food. Therefore, enhanced nutrition education and the implementation of healthy eating habits are needed to help manage adolescents' nutritional status.