AMBARAN ASUPAN ENERGI, ZAT GIZI MAKRO, SERAT, VITAMIN C, DAN STATUS GIZI PADA PASIEN JANTUNG KORONER DI RUMAH SAKIT SITI FATIMAH PALEMBANG

Latar Belakang: Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan salah satu penyakit
kardiovaskular degeneratif dengan angka kematian yang tinggi secara global
maupun nasional. Kota Palembang memiliki prevalensi PJK tertinggi di Provinsi
Sumatera Selatan. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui gambaran asupan energi,
zat gizi makro (protein, lemak, karbohidrat), serat, vitamin C, dan status gizi pada
pasien PJK di Rumah Sakit Siti Fatimah Palembang. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian
ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan
crosssectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik accidental
sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 33 pasien PJK rawat jalan. Data
asupan zat gizi diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung menggunakan form Semi
Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), sedangkan status gizi
dinilai berdasarkan pengukuran Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Hasil Penelitian:
Karakteristik responden didominasi oleh perempuan sebesar 54,5% dan kelompok
usia ≥50 tahun sebanyak 81,8%. Sebagian besar responden memiliki status gizi
normal, yaitu sebanyak 22 orang (66,7%), sementara 11 orang lainnya (33,3%)
mengalami obesitas. Pola makan responden yang memiliki status gizi normal
cenderung lebih baik, seperti mengurangi konsumsi makanan berminyak dan rutin
mengonsumsi sayur-sayuran. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya kaitan yang
sejalan antara pemenuhan asupan energi dan zat gizi dengan status gizi pasien.
Kesimpulan: Mayoritas pasien jantung koroner rawat jalan di RSUD Siti Fatimah
Palembang memiliki status gizi yang normal, didukung oleh pola pemenuhan
asupan zat gizi yang baik.

Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is a degenerative cardiovascular
disease with high mortality rates both globally and nationally. Palembang City has
the highest prevalence of CHD in South Sumatra Province. This study aims to
determine the overview of energy, macronutrient (protein, fat, carbohydrate), fiber,
and vitamin C intake, as well as the nutritional status of CHD patients at Siti
Fatimah Hospital Palembang. Research Objective: To determine the overview of
energy, macronutrient, fiber, and vitamin C intake, as well as the nutritional status
of coronary heart disease patients at Siti Fatimah Hospital Palembang. Methods:
This study utilized a descriptive-analytic research design with a cross-sectional
approach. Sampling was conducted using the accidental sampling technique,
involving 33 outpatient CHD respondents. Nutrient intake data were obtained
through direct interviews using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency
Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) form, while nutritional status was assessed based on Body
Mass Index (BMI) measurements. Results: The characteristics of the respondents
were dominated by females at 54.5% and the age group of \ge 50 years at 81.8%.
Most respondents had a normal nutritional status, accounting for 22 individuals
(66.7%), while the remaining 11 individuals (33.3%) were obese. Dietary habits
among respondents with normal nutritional status tended to be better, such as
reducing the consumption of oily foods and routinely consuming vegetables. The
analysis results indicated a consistent correlation between the fulfillment of energy
and nutrient intake and the nutritional status of the patients. Conclusion: The
majority of outpatient coronary heart disease patients at Siti Fatimah Regional
General Hospital Palembang have a normal nutritional status, which is supported
by a good pattern of nutrient intake fulfillment.