GAMBARAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI MAKRO, ZAT BESI DAN VITAMIN C TERHADAP STATUS HEMOGLOBIN PADA REMAJA PUTRI DI SMP NEGERI 10 PALEMBANG

Latar belakang: Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang rentan
dialami oleh remaja putri akibat kurangnya asupan zat gizi serta kehilangan darah
selama siklus menstruasi. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran asupan zat gizi makro
(energi, protein, lemak, karbohidrat), zat besi, dan vitamin C terhadap status
hemoglobin pada remaja putri di SMP Negeri 10 Palembang.
Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini adalah dengan rancangan deskriptif
dengan rancangan cross-sectional ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2026. Sampel
penelitian berjumlah 40 siswi kelas VIII berusia 13–14 tahun yang dipilih
menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data asupan gizi dikumpulkan
melalui wawancara menggunakan form SQ-FFQ, sedangkan kadar hemoglobin
diukur dengan alat hemoglobin meter.
Hasil penelitian: ditemukan responden tidak mengalami anemia (80,0%),
sementara 20,0% siswi mengalami anemia. Sebanyak 52,5% responden memiliki
asupan energi kategori baik. Namun, sebagian besar responden memiliki asupan
kurang pada komponen protein (67,5%), lemak (80,0%), karbohidrat (65,0%), zat
besi (60,0%), dan vitamin C (82,5%).
Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar remaja putri di SMP Negeri 10 Palembang tidak
mengalami anemia (normal) meskipun mayoritas memiliki tingkat asupan zat gizi
makro, zat besi, dan vitamin C yang tergolong kurang.

Background: Anemia is a public health problem that commonly affects adolescent
girls due to inadequate nutrient intake and blood loss during the menstrual cycle.
Objective: To describe the intake of macronutrients (energy, protein, fat, and
carbohydrates), iron, and vitamin C in relation to hemoglobin status among
adolescent girls at SMP Negeri 10 Palembang.
Methods: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design and was
conducted in April 2026. The sample consisted of 40 eighth-grade female students
aged 13–14 years selected using simple random sampling. Dietary intake data
were collected through interviews using a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency
Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), while hemoglobin levels were measured using a
hemoglobin meter.
Results: The findings showed that 80.0% of the respondents were not anemic,
while 20.0% were anemic. A total of 52.5% of respondents had adequate energy
intake. However, most respondents had inadequate intake of protein (67.5%), fat
(80.0%), carbohydrates (65.0%), iron (60.0%), and vitamin C (82.5%).
Conclusion: Most adolescent girls at SMP Negeri 10 Palembang were not anemic
despite having inadequate intake levels of macronutrients, iron, and vitamin C.