Penerapan Edukasi Diet Pada Lansia Diabetes Melitus di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Sekarjaya Tahun 2026

Rahmawati, Aulia (2026) Penerapan Edukasi Diet Pada Lansia Diabetes Melitus di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Sekarjaya Tahun 2026. Diploma thesis, POLTEKKES KEMENKES PALEMBANG PRODI BATURAJA.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah akibat gangguan sekresi atau kerja insulin. Pada lansia, ketidakpatuhan terhadap pengaturan diet dapat menyebabkan ketidakstabilan kadar glukosa darah dan meningkatkan risiko komplikasi. Edukasi diet dengan prinsip 3J (Jadwal, Jenis, dan Jumlah makanan) merupakan salah satu intervensi keperawatan yang dapat membantu meningkatkan kepatuhan diet dan mengontrol kadar glukosa darah pada lansia penderita DM. Tujuan: Menggambarkan penerapan edukasi diet pada lansia Diabetes Melitus dengan masalah keperawatan ketidakstabilan kadar glukosa darah di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Sekarjaya Tahun 2026. Metode: Studi kasus deskriptif dilakukan pada dua orang lansia penderita Diabetes Melitus yang mengalami ketidakstabilan kadar glukosa darah. Asuhan keperawatan dilaksanakan selama empat kali kunjungan dalam empat minggu. Intervensi yang diberikan berupa manajemen hiperglikemia dan edukasi diet menggunakan prinsip 3J melalui penyuluhan, observasi kepatuhan diet, pemantauan kadar glukosa darah sewaktu (GDS), serta evaluasi pengetahuan diet. Hasil: Setelah dilakukan intervensi, terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan diet pada kedua klien dari nilai pre-test 1/4 menjadi post-test 4/4 jawaban benar. Kadar glukosa darah 2 jam sesudah makan pada klien I menurun dari 165 mg/dL menjadi 145 mg/dL, sedangkan pada klien II menurun dari 178 mg/dL menjadi 148 mg/dL. Kedua klien juga menunjukkan peningkatan kepatuhan terhadap prinsip diet 3J, penurunan keluhan hiperglikemia, serta peningkatan kemampuan dalam memilih makanan dan minuman yang sehat. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Penerapan edukasi diet dengan prinsip 3J efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan diet serta membantu menstabilkan kadar glukosa darah pada lansia dengan Diabetes Melitus. Edukasi diet dapat dijadikan salah satu intervensi keperawatan gerontik untuk mendukung pengendalian glukosa darah dan mencegah komplikasi DM.
Kata kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Edukasi Diet, Lansia, Kadar Glukosa Darah, Prinsip 3J.

ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin secretion or action. In the elderly, non-compliance with dietary management can lead to unstable blood glucose levels and increase the risk of complications. Diet education with the 3J principle (Schedule, Type, and Amount of food) is one of the nursing interventions that can help improve dietary compliance and control blood glucose levels in elderly people with DM. Objective: Describe the implementation of diet education in elderly people with Diabetes Mellitus with nursing problems of unstable blood glucose levels in the Work Area of UPTD Sekarjaya Health Center in 2026. Method: A descriptive case study was conducted on two elderly people with Diabetes Mellitus who experienced unstable blood glucose levels. Nursing care was carried out for four visits in four weeks. The interventions provided were hyperglycemia management and diet education using the 3J principle through counseling, observation of diet compliance, monitoring of random blood glucose levels (GDS), and evaluation of diet knowledge. Results: After the intervention, there was an increase in diet knowledge in both clients from a pre-test score of 1/4 to a post-test score of 4/4 correct answers. Blood glucose levels 2 hours after eating in client I decreased from 165 mg/dL to 145 mg/dL, while in client II decreased from 178 mg/dL to 148 mg/dL. Both clients also demonstrated increased adherence to the 3J dietary principles, decreased hyperglycemia, and improved ability to choose healthy foods and beverages. Conclusions and Recommendations: Implementing dietary education based on the 3J principles effectively increased dietary knowledge and adherence and helped stabilize blood glucose levels in elderly people with diabetes mellitus. Diet education can be used as a geriatric nursing intervention to support blood glucose control and prevent complications of diabetes.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diet Education, Elderly, Blood Glucose Levels, 3J Principles

Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Kata kunci: Diabetes Melitus, Edukasi Diet, Lansia, Kadar Glukosa Darah, Prinsip 3J.
Subjects: R Medicine > RT Nursing
Divisions: Jurusan Keperawatan > 14471-D3 Keperawatan (Kampus Batu Raja)
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email D3perawatbaturaja
Date Deposited: 30 Jul 2026 05:37
Last Modified: 30 Jul 2026 05:37
URI: http://rama.poltekkespalembang.ac.id/id/eprint/3587

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