Pengaruh Waktu dan Tempat Penyimpanan Sampel Terhadap Hasil Uji Crossmatch Metode Gel Test di RSUP Dr Mohammad Hoesin Palembang

Latar Belakang: Pemeriksaan crossmatch merupakan pemeriksaan penting pra-transfusi. Hasil pemeriksaan dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor pra-analitik, terutama penyimpanan sampel darah. Dalam praktik pelayanan transfusi, sampel sering mengalami penundaan pemeriksaan sehingga harus disimpan sebelum dilakukan crossmatch. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda mengenai pengaruh lama penyimpanan terhadap hasil crossmatch, sementara kajian yang membandingkan pengaruh waktu dan tempat penyimpanan pada metode gel test masih terbatas. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui pengaruh waktu dan tempat penyimpanan sampel terhadap hasil uji crossmatch metode gel test. Metode: Penelitian quasi-experimental dengan pendekatan repeated measures dilakukan pada Juni 2026 di Unit Transfusi Darah RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Sebanyak 10 sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel disimpan pada lemari pendingin tertutup dan meja pendingin terbuka, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan crossmatch mayor, minor, dan autokontrol pada hari ke-0, ke-3, ke-5, dan ke-7. Analisis data menggunakan uji Friedman dan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil: Waktu penyimpanan tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil crossmatch mayor (p>0,05), tetapi berpengaruh terhadap hasil minor crossmatch dan autokontrol (p<0,05). Perbedaan tempat penyimpanan tidak bermakna pada hari ke-3 dan ke-5, namun bermakna pada minor crossmatch (p=0,025) dan autokontrol (p=0,046) hari ke-7. Kesimpulan: Waktu penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap hasil minor crossmatch dan autokontrol, tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil mayor crossmatch. Perbedaan tempat penyimpanan mulai memberikan pengaruh bermakna pada hari ke-7. Lemari pendingin tertutup lebih mampu mempertahankan stabilitas hasil crossmatch dibandingkan meja pendingin terbuka. Saran: Penyimpanan sampel sebaiknya menggunakan lemari pendingin tertutup dan pemeriksaan crossmatch dilakukan sesegera mungkin untuk meminimalkan perubahan hasil akibat penyimpanan yang terlalu lama.

Background: Crossmatching is a crucial procedure for ensuring blood transfusion safety. However, test results can be influenced by pre-analytical factors, particularly blood sample storage. In transfusion service practice, testing is often delayed, necessitating sample storage prior to crossmatching. Previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the effect of storage duration on crossmatch outcomes, while research comparing the effects of storage time and location specifically for the gel test method remains limited. Purpose: To determine the effect of sample storage time and location on crossmatch results using the gel test method. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a repeated measures design was conducted in June 2026 at the Blood Transfusion Unit of RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. 10 samples were selected using purposive sampling. Samples were stored in a closed refrigerator and on an open cooling table; major, minor, and autocontrol crossmatch tests were then performed on days 0, 3, 5, and 7. Data analysis utilized the Friedman test and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Results: Storage time did not affect major crossmatch results (p>0.05) but did influence minor crossmatch and autocontrol results (p<0.05). Differences in storage location were not significant on days 3 and 5 but became significant for minor crossmatch (p=0.025) and autocontrol (p=0.046) results on day 7. Conclusion: Storage time affects minor crossmatch and autocontrol results but does not affect major crossmatch results. Differences in storage location began to exert a significant effect on day 7. Closed refrigerators were more effective at maintaining crossmatch result stability compared to open cooling tables. Recommendations: Samples should be stored in closed refrigerators, and crossmatch testing should be performed as soon as possible to minimize result alterations caused by prolonged storage.