HUBUNGAN BERAT BADAN BAYI BARU LAHIR DENGAN KADAR THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH) PADA PASIEN SKRINING HIPOTIROID KONGENITAL (SHK) DI RUMAH SAKIT KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2026

Latar Belakang: Hipotiroid Kongenital (HK) merupakan gangguan endokrin pada bayi baru lahir yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan apabila tidak terdeteksi dan ditangani sejak dini. Skrining Hipotiroid Kongenital (SHK) dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan kadar Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda mengenai hubungan berat badan lahir dengan kadar TSH, sehingga hubungan keduanya masih perlu dikaji lebih lanjut. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan berat badan bayi baru lahir dengan kadar TSH pada pasien Skrining Hipotiroid Kongenital (SHK) di RSUD Palembang BARI Tahun 2026. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data sekunder diperoleh dari rekam medis 219 pasien SHK periode Januari-Mei 2026 menggunakan teknik total sampling. Uji normalitas Kolmogorov-Smirnov menunjukkan data tidak berdistribusi normal (p=0,002), sehingga analisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Rata-rata kadar TSH 2,81 µU/mL (0,10–9,30 µU/mL). Sebagian besar bayi memiliki berat badan lahir normal (68,9%), berjenis kelamin laki-laki (52,1%), usia gestasi aterm (79,0%), dan usia bayi saat pengambilan sampel 48–72 jam (67,1%). Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara berat badan lahir dan kadar TSH (p=0,018). Hubungan bermakna juga ditemukan pada jenis kelamin (p=0,025), usia gestasi (p=0,005), dan usia bayi (p=0,003). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara berat badan lahir dan kadar TSH. Namun, seluruh kadar TSH pada setiap kategori berat badan lahir masih berada dalam rentang normal sehingga belum menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna secara klinis.

Background: Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) is an endocrine disorder in newborns that may cause growth and developmental impairments if not detected and treated early. Congenital Hypothyroidism Screening (CHS) is performed by measuring Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels. Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between birth weight and TSH levels; therefore, further investigation is needed. Objective: To determine the association between newborn birth weight and TSH levels among Congenital Hypothyroidism Screening (CHS) patients at RSUD Palembang BARI in 2026. Methods: This was a quantitative analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. Secondary data were obtained from the medical records of 219 CHS patients from January to May 2026 using a total sampling technique. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test showed that the data were not normally distributed (p=0.002); therefore, the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean TSH level was 2.81 µU/mL (range: 0.10–9.30 µU/mL). Most newborns had normal birth weight (68.9%), were male (52.1%), had a term gestational age (79.0%), and were aged 48–72 hours at the time of sample collection (67.1%). The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a statistically significant association between birth weight and TSH levels (p=0.018). Statistically significant associations were also found between sex (p=0.025), gestational age (p=0.005), and age at sample collection (p=0.003) with TSH levels. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant association between birth weight and TSH levels. However, TSH levels in all birth weight categories remained within the normal range, indicating no clinically significant difference.