IMPLEMENTASI ERGONOMIC EXERCISE PADA LANSIA PENDERITA GOUT ARTHRITIS DENGAN MASALAH NYERI KRONIS DI PANTI SOSIAL HARAPAN KITA KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2026

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Gout arthritis merupakan penyakit persendian degeneratif yang prevalensinya terus meningkat di Indonesia, yang kini menempati peringkat keempat dunia dengan estimasi 8,4 juta penderita berdasarkan data Riskesdas. Penumpukan kristal monosodium urat pada sendi memicu inflamasi hebat yang menyebabkan nyeri kronis, kekakuan, hingga penurunan mobilitas pada lansia. Dalam asuhan keperawatan gerontik, diperlukan intervensi nonfarmakologis yang mandiri dan aman seperti Ergonomic Exercise untuk mengurangi keluhan nyeri Tujuan: Untuk menerapkan asuhan keperawatan melalui pelaksanaan Ergonomic Exercise pada lansia penderita gout arthritis dengan masalah nyeri kronis. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus terhadap tiga lansia (usia 60-74 tahun) penderita gout arthritis dengan skala nyeri sedang (4-6) yang berlokasi di Panti Sosial Harapan Kita Kota Palembang. Intervensi Ergonomic Exercise dilakukan rutin selama 7 hari berturut0turun. Tingkat nyeri diukur mrnggunakan Numering Rating Scale (NRS). Hasil: Setelah implementasi selama 7 hari, diperoleh penurunan skala nyeri yang signifikan pada ketiga klien: Ny. A mengalami penurunan skala nyeri dari 6 (sedang) menjadi 2 (ringan), Ny. M dari skala 4 (sedang) menjadi 1 (ringan), dan Ny. H dari skala 5 (sedang) menjadi 2 (ringan). Ketiga subjek menunjukkan respons klinis positif berupa berkurangnya rasa nyeri, serta peningkatan mobilitas fisik dalam beraktivitas sehari-hari. Kesimpulan: Ergonomic Exercise terbukti dapat menjadi salah satu terapi nonfarmakologis yang efektif untuk menurunkan nyeri kronis pada lansia penderita gout arthritis serta mendukung peningkatan kualitas hidup lansia.
Kata Kunci: Gout arthritis, lansia, nyeri, terapi nonfarmakologis, ergonomic exercise

ABSTRACT

Background: Gout arthritis is a degenerative joint disease whose prevalence continues to increase in Indonesia, which currently ranks fourth worldwide with an estimated 8.4 million sufferers based on Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) data. The accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in the joints triggers severe inflammation, leading to chronic pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility among older adults. In gerontological nursing care, independent and safe non-pharmacological interventions such as Ergonomic Exercise are needed to alleviate pain complaints. Purpose: To implement nursing care through the application of Ergonomic Exercise in older adults with gout arthritis experiencing chronic pain. Methods: This study employed a case study approach involving three older adults (aged 60–74 years) diagnosed with gout arthritis and experiencing moderate pain levels (scores 4–6) at Panti Sosial Harapan Kita, Palembang City. Ergonomic Exercise was performed regularly for seven consecutive days. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Results: After seven days of intervention, a significant reduction in pain intensity was observed in all three participants. Mrs. A's pain score decreased from 6 (moderate) to 2 (mild), Mrs. M's pain score decreased from 4 (moderate) to 1 (mild), and Mrs. H's pain score decreased from 5 (moderate) to 2 (mild). All participants demonstrated positive clinical responses, including reduced pain and improved physical mobility in carrying out daily activities. Conclusion: Ergonomic Exercise has been shown to be an effective non-pharmacological therapy for reducing chronic pain in older adults with gout arthritis and may contribute to improving their quality of life.
Keywords: Gout arthritis, older adults, pain, non-pharmacological therapy, ergonomic exercise.