PENGARUH PENDAMPINGAN MINUM TABLET TAMBAH DARAH TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN REMAJA PUTRI DI SMA BINA JAYA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2026

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Anemia defisiensi besi pada remaja putri masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia dengan prevalensi 18% pada usia 15–24 tahun berdasarkan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023. Rendahnya kepatuhan konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) menjadi hambatan utama efektivitas program pencegahan anemia, sehingga diperlukan strategi pendampingan yang terstruktur. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendampingan minum TTD terhadap kadar hemoglobin remaja putri di SMA Bina Jaya Palembang Tahun 2026. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group design. Populasi berjumlah 124 siswi kelas X, dengan 36 responden dipilih melalui simple random sampling, dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi (TTD dengan pendampingan via WhatsApp dan Zoom, n=18) dan kelompok kontrol (TTD tanpa pendampingan, n=18). Kadar hemoglobin diukur menggunakan Easy Touch GCHb sebelum dan sesudah intervensi 8 minggu. Analisis menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk, Paired Samples t-test, dan Independent Samples t-test. Hasil Penelitian: Kadar hemoglobin kelompok intervensi meningkat dari 10,672 menjadi 11,922 g/dL (selisih 1,250 g/dL; p<0,001), sedangkan kelompok kontrol meningkat dari 10,650 menjadi 11,567 g/dL (selisih 0,917 g/dL; p<0,001). Terdapat perbedaan peningkatan yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok (p=0,025). Kepatuhan kelompok intervensi mencapai 100% dibandingkan rata-rata 4,61 dari 8 tablet pada kelompok kontrol.
Kesimpulan: Pendampingan minum TTD berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan kadar hemoglobin remaja putri. Sekolah direkomendasikan mengembangkan sistem pendampingan berkelanjutan melalui kader kesehatan remaja dan media komunikasi digital.

Kata Kunci: Anemia, Hemoglobin, Pendampingan, Remaja Putri, Tablet Tambah Darah

ABSTRACT

Background: Iron deficiency anemia remains a public health problem among female adolescents in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 18% in the 15–24 age group based on the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. Poor adherence to iron tablet (Tablet Tambah Darah/TTD) consumption is a primary barrier to effective anemia prevention, highlighting the need for structured supervision. Research Objective: To examine the effect of supervised TTD consumption on hemoglobin levels among female adolescents at Bina Jaya High School Palembang in 2026. Methods: A quantitative study was conducted using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group design. The population comprised 124 Grade 10 female students, from which 36 respondents were selected through simple random sampling and divided into an intervention group (TTD with supervision via WhatsApp and Zoom, n=18) and a control group (TTD without supervision, n=18). Hemoglobin levels were measured using the Easy Touch GCHb device before and after an 8-week intervention. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, Paired Samples t-test, and Independent Samples t-test. Results: The intervention group’s mean hemoglobin increased from 10.672 to 11.922 g/dL (difference: 1.250 g/dL; p<0.001), while the control group increased from 10.650 to 11.567 g/dL (difference: 0.917 g/dL; p<0.001). A significant difference in hemoglobin improvement was found between groups (p=0.025). Adherence in the intervention group reached 100%, compared to an average of 4.61 out of 8 tablets in the control group. Conclusion: Supervised TTD consumption significantly improved hemoglobin levels among female adolescents. Schools are recommended to develop sustainable supervision systems through adolescent health volunteers and digital communication platforms.

Keywords: Anemia, Female Adolescents, Hemoglobin, Iron Tablet Supplementation, Supervised Consumption