PENGARUH DURASI FIKSASI ALKOHOL 96% TERHADAP KUALITAS PEWARNAAN SITOLOGI URINE

MAHARANI, GIA METRI (2026) PENGARUH DURASI FIKSASI ALKOHOL 96% TERHADAP KUALITAS PEWARNAAN SITOLOGI URINE. Diploma thesis, POLTEKKES KEMENKES PALEMBANG.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang:Fiksasi adalah prosedur yang dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya penurunan kualitas spesimen karena terjadinya autolisis atau pun pembusukan. Alkohol 96% sebagai reagen fiksasi sitologi memiliki sifat fisik yang mudah menguap dan higroskopis, sehingga semakin lama reagen ini digunakan dapat menurunkan kualitas dari reagen tersebut. Lamanya durasi fiksasi berperan penting dalam kualitas pewarnaan sitologi karena durasi yang terlalu singkat mengakibatkan warna tidak terserap secara optimal, dan durasi yang terlalu lama dapat menyebabkan hiperpigmentasi serta perubahan morfologi sel. Dalam praktik di lapangan ditemukan penggunaan reagen fiksasi pemakaian 2 minggu di laboratorium yang secara kondisi sudah tidak optimal karena memiliki resiko perubahan konsentrasi sehingga berpotensi mempengaruhi kualitas pewarnaan. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh durasi fiksasi terhadap kualitas pewarnaan sitologi urine. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental semu dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi RSUD Dr. H. M. Rabain Muara Enim dengan menggunakan tiga kelompok perlakuan, yaitu durasi fiksasi 15 menit, 30 menit, dan 45 menit yang selanjutnya diwarnai dengan pewarnaan Papanicolaou. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji lanjutan Dunn. Hasil Penelitian: Berdasarkan analisis distribusi frekuensi, durasi fiksasi berkualitas baik terdapat pada durasi fiksasi 30 menit (100%) dan 45 menit (66,7%), sedangkan pada durasi fiksasi 15 menit tidak ada sediaan yang berkualitas baik. Uji MeanRank menunjukkan data nilai tertinggi terdapat pada durasi fiksasi 30 menit (20,33), durasi fiksasi 45 menit (16,17), dan durasi fiksasi 15 menit (5,50). Uji Kruskasl-Wallis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan (p = 0,000). Uji Dunn antar kelompok menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antara durasi fiksasi 15 menit dan 30 menit (p = 0,000), durasi fiksasi 15 menit dan 45 menit (p = 0,003), tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antar durasi fiksasi 30 menit dan 45 menit (p = 0.250). Kesimpulan: Durasi fiksasi memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kualitas pewarnaan sitologi urine, dengan kondisi reagen fiksasi yang sudah mengalamai perubahan konsentrasi penambahan durasi fiksasi dapat menjadi solusi agar reagen tersebut tetap dapat digunakan, namun kualitas hasil pewarnaan tetap stabil.

Background: Fixation is a procedure performed to prevent the deterioration of specimen quality due to autolysis or decomposition. As a cytological fixative reagent, 96% alcohol has physical properties that make it volatile and hygroscopic; therefore, prolonged use may reduce its quality. The duration of fixation plays an important role in the quality of cytological staining because fixation that is too short results in suboptimal stain absorption, while excessive fixation may cause hyperpigmentation and alterations in cellular morphology. In laboratory practice, the use of fixation reagents for up to two weeks has been observed, even though their condition may no longer be optimal due to the risk of concentration changes, which can potentially affect staining quality. Objective: To determine the effect of fixation duration on the quality of urine cytology staining. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design and was conducted at the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory of RSUD Dr. H. M. Rabain Muara Enim. Three treatment groups were used: fixation durations of 15, 30, and 45 minutes, followed by Papanicolaou staining. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Dunn’s post hoc test. Results: Based on frequency distribution analysis, good-quality staining was observed in the 30-minute fixation group (100%) and the 45-minute fixation group (66.7%), whereas no good-quality preparations were found in the 15-minute fixation group. Mean rank analysis showed the highest score in the 30-minute fixation group (20.33), followed by the 45-minute group (16.17) and the 15-minute group (5.50). The Kruskal–Wallis test demonstrated a significant difference among the groups (p = 0.000). Dunn’s post hoc test revealed significant differences between the 15-minute and 30-minute fixation groups (p = 0.000) and between the 15-minute and 45-minute fixation groups (p = 0.003). However, no significant difference was found between the 30-minute and 45-minute fixation groups (p = 0.250). Conclusion: Fixation duration significantly affects the quality of urine cytology staining. When fixation reagents have undergone concentration changes, extending the fixation duration may serve as a practical solution to maintain reagent usability while preserving stable staining quality.

Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Uncontrolled Keywords: durasi fiksasi, alkohol 96% pamakaian 2 minggu, kualitas pewarnaan, pewarnaan Papanicolaou, sitologi urine
Subjects: Q Science > QM Human anatomy
R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
R Medicine > RB Pathology
Divisions: Jurusan Teknologi Laboratorium Medis > 13450-D3 Teknologi Laboratorium Medis
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email D3tlm
Date Deposited: 26 Aug 2026 05:51
Last Modified: 26 Aug 2026 05:51
URI: http://rama.poltekkespalembang.ac.id/id/eprint/2610

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