Gambaran Gingivitis Pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang

Latar Belakang: Gingivitis merupakan peradangan pada jaringan gingiva yang sering terjadi pada ibu hamil akibat perubahan hormon esterogen dan progesteron selama masa kehamilan. Kondisi ini menyebabkan gusi menjadi lebih sensitif terhadap plak sehingga mudah mengalami peradangan. Tujuan penelitian: Diketahui gambaran gingivitis pada ibu hamil di Puskemas Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang. Metode penelitian: menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 90 ibu hamil yang diambil dengan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan klinis menggunakan Gingival Index (GI) dengan alat periodontal probe. Data dianalisis secara univariat dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan presentase. Hasil Penelitian: menunjukkan bahwa dari 90 responden terdapat 58 ibu hamil (64%) mengalami gingivitis dan 32 ibu hamil (36%) tidak mengalami gingivitis. Berdasarkan tingkat keparahan, gingivitis ringan merupakan kondisi yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu 34 orang (37,8%), diikuti gingivitis sedang 16 orang (17,8%) dan gingivitis berat 8 orang (8,9%). Berdasarkan trimester kehamilan, pada kejadian gingivitis meningkat pada trimester III. Kesimpulan: penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kejadian gingivitis pada ibu hamil tergolong cukup tinggi dan cenderung meningkat seiring bertambahnya usia kehamilan, oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya peningkatan edukasi dan penyuluhan kesehtan gigi dan mulut, serta pemeriksaan gigi secara rutin selama masa kehamilan untuk menjaga dan meningkatkan kesehatan gigi dan mulut ibu hamil.

Background: Gingivitisis an inflammation of the gingival tissue than often occurs in pregnant women due to changes in esterogen and progesterone hormones during pregnancy. This condition causes the gums to become more sensutive to plaque, making them more prone to inflammationn. Objective: Know aims to determine the description of gingivitis in pregnant women at Alang-Alang Lebar Public Health Center, Palembang City. Methods: This study employed a descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 90 pregnant women selected using an accidental sampling technique. Data were collected through clinical examinations using the Gingival Index (GI) with a periodontal probe. Data were analyzed univariately and presented in the form of frequency distributions and percentages. Results: The findings showed that out of 90 respondents, 58 pregnant women (64%) experienced gingivitis, while 32 (36%) did not. Based on the severity level, mild gingivitis was the most common condition, affecting 34 respondents (37.8%), followed by moderate gingivitis in 16 respondents (17.8%) and severe gingivitis in 8 respondents (8.9%). Based on the trimester of pregnancy, the incidence of gingivitis increased during the third trimester. Conclusion: This study indicates that the prevalence of gingivitis among pregnant women is relatively high and tends to increase with advancing gestational age. Therefore, efforts to enhance education and counseling on oral health, as well as routine dental examinations during pregnancy, are necessary to maintain and improve the oral health status of pregnant women.