Kejadian Gingivitis Gravidarum pada Ibu Hamil Ny. R di Puskesmas Sungai Lilin Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin

Latar Belakang: Gingivitis gravidarum merupakan peradangan gingiva
yang sering terjadi pada ibu hamil akibat perubahan hormonal yang
meningkatkan respon jaringan gingiva terhadap plak. Kondisi ini ditandai
gingiva merah, bengkak, dan mudah berdarah. Tujuan Penelitian:
Mengetahui kejadian gingivitis gravidarum pada ibu hamil Ny. R di
Puskesmas Sungai Lilin Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Metode Penelitian:
Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus deskriptif. Pengumpulan data
dilakukan melalui anamnesis, observasi, pemeriksaan klinis, serta
pengukuran Gingival Index, OHI-S, dan Free plaque score­. Asuhan
dilakukan melalui tahap pengkajian, diagnosa, perencanaan,
implementasi, dan evaluasi. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil pemeriksaan
menunjukkan pasien mengalami gingivitis gravidarum dengan nilai
Gingival Index 1,8 % (peradangan sedang), OHI-S 3,6% (buruk), dan
Free Plaque Score 43,3% (buruk). Tindakan yang diberikan berupa
scaling manual dan ultrasonic serta edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut.
Setelah tiga kali kunjungan, kondisi gingiva mengalami perbaikan yang
ditandai dengan penurunan Gingival Index menjadi 0,7% (peradangan
ringan), peningkatan Free Plaque Score menjadi 90,9% (baik), serta
gingiva tampak lebih sehat dan perdarahan berkurang. Kesimpulan:
Kejadian gingivitis gravidarum pada pasien dipengaruhi perubahan
hormonal kehamilan yang diperberat plak dan kalkulus. Penatalaksanaan
melalui scaling dan edukasi efektif memperbaiki kondisi gingiva serta
meningkatkan kebersihan gigi dan mulut.
Kata kunci: gingivitis gravidarum, ibu hamil, scaling, kebersihan gigi
dan mulut.
Background: Gravidarum gingivitis is an inflammation of the gingiva
that often occurs in pregnant women due to hormonal changes that
increase gingival tissue response to plaque. This condition is
characterized by red, swollen, and easily bleeding gums. Objective: To
determine the incidence of gravidarum gingivitis in pregnant woman Mrs.
R at Sungai Lilin Public Health Center, Musi Banyuasin Regency.
Methods: This study used a descriptive case study design. Data were
collected through anamnesis, observation, clinical examination, and
measurement of Gingival Index, OHI­S, and Free plaque score­. Care was
carried out through assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation,
and evaluation stages. Results: The examination showed that the patient
had gingivitis gravidarum with a Gingival Index score of 1.8 (moderate
inflammation), OHI­S score of 3.6 (poor), and Free Plaque Score of
43.3% (poor). The treatment provided included manual and ultrasonic
scaling as well as oral health education. After three visits, the gingival
condition improved, indicated by a decrease in the Gingival Index score
to 0.7 (mild inflammation), an increase in the Free Plaque Score to 90.9%
(good), and the gingiva appeared healthier with reduced bleeding.
Conclusion: The incidence of gravidarum gingivitis in this patient was
influenced by hormonal changes during pregnancy aggravated by plaque
and calculus accumulation. Management through scaling and education
was effective in improving gingival condition and oral hygiene.
Keywords: gravidarum gingivitis, pregnant woman, scaling, oral
hygiene.