GAMBARAN STATUS KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUT BERDASARKAN NILAI PLAQUE INDEKS SD NEGERI 239 PALEMBANG

Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh tingginya masalah
kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada anak sekolah dasar yang disebabkan oleh
akumulasi plak akibat perilaku menyikat gigi yang kurang tepat. Plak gigi
merupakan faktor utama terjadinya karies dan penyakit periodontal sehingga perlu
dilakukan upaya pencegahan sejak dini. Tujuan penelitian: Diketahui gambaran
status kebersihan gigi dan mulut berdasarkan nilai plaque indeks pada siswa SD
Negeri 239 Palembang. Metode penelitian: yang digunakan adalah penelitian
deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 126
siswa kelas 3, 4, dan 5 yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling.
Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan plaque indeks, observasi, dan
kuesioner mengenai pengetahuan serta kebiasaan menyikat gigi. Hasil penelitian:
menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa memiliki status kebersihan gigi dan
mulut kategori buruk sebanyak 55,5%, kategori sedang 33,3%, dan kategori baik
11,1% dengan rata-rata plaque indeks 1,56. Tingkat pengetahuan siswa tergolong
baik sebesar 61%, namun kebiasaan menyikat gigi masih dalam kategori sedang
sebesar 58,7%. Kesimpulan:penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun
pengetahuan siswa cukup baik, perilaku menyikat gigi belum optimal sehingga
status kebersihan gigi dan mulut masih tergolong buruk.
Kata kunci: Kebersihan gigi dan mulut, plaque indeks , pengetahuan, kebiasaan menyikat gigi siswa sekolah dasar

Background: This study was motivated by the high prevalence of poor oral
hygiene among elementary school children caused by plaque accumulation due to
improper toothbrushing behavior. Dental plaque is one of the main causes of
dental caries and periodontal disease; therefore, early prevention efforts are
necessary. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the oral hygiene
status based on plaque index scores among students of SD Negeri 239 Palembang.
The research Methods used was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional
approach. The sample consisted of 126 students from grades 3, 4, and 5 selected
using purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out through
plaque index examinations, observations, and questionnaires regarding students‟
knowledge and toothbrushing habits. The Results: showed that most students had
poor oral hygiene status (55.5%), moderate category (33.3%), and good category
(11.1%) with an average plaque index score of 1.56. Students‟ knowledge level
was categorized as good (61%), while toothbrushing habits were still in the
moderate category (58.7%). The Conclusion: of this study indicates that although
students have good knowledge regarding oral hygiene, their toothbrushing
behavior is still not optimal, resulting in poor oral hygiene status among most
students.
Keywords: Oral hygiene, plaque index, knowledge, toothbrushing habits,elementary school students